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Hungary
1. Is the paediatric practice public or private?
In Hungary paediatric practice is public and free for everybody. Nevertheless, private practice exists and is available for anyone who is willing to pay for it.
About 75% of all children have paediatricians as primary care doctors. The 25% left - living in the areas, where the number of children is too low to bring up a practice – are taken in charge by general practitioners who have access to paediatric consultations if needed.
2. Is it mandatory?
Every child has free access to Paediatric care by law. No child under eighteen years has to pay any "visiting fee" when seeing a doctor.
3. Is the paediatric practice only confided to paediatrician or can a general practitioner take it in charge?
If there is a possibility to choose the paediatrician as a primary care doctor, the paediatrician has to be chosen. If no choice is possible, than
the GP.
4. Lists of paediatric centres / associations
The five University paediatric clinics remain and every county has a paediatric department (19 counties in Hungary). Plus we have two independent hospitals for children in Budapest and a paediatric centre in Miskolc (second biggest town in Hungary). There are paediatric departments in some special institutions as well. Outpatient service for children regarding various subspecialties is mainly organised according to the in-hospital distribution of services.
- Hungarian Pediatric Association
2 nd Dept of Pediatrics, University Clinic, Semmelweis University
Tuzolto u. 7-9,
H-1094 Budapest
Hungary
http://www.gyermekorvostarsasag.hu
Prevention of childhood obesity in Hungary
Increasing prevalence of childhood obesity demands appropriate prevention and treatment efforts. Professional College of Hungarian Paediatricians issued a clinical guideline for prevention and treatment of children and adolescent obesity. in general and children\' practices primary, secondary and tertiary prevention activities are equally used.
Primary prevention is based on the concept of heath promotion; its aim is to assure healthy life style and to avoid the negative consequences of obesity. Firstly, the appropriate nutrition of pregnant women and infants has to be mentioned. In childhood and adolescent period it is very important to achieve a healthy life style, a balanced diet and regular physical activity. The aims of secondary prevention are: identification of risk factors leading to obesity (genetic, behavioural, social and environmental), early detection of overweight and obesity, and introducing life style intervention in time. In this way the secondary metabolic consequences of obesity may be prevented. Secondary prevention has to be initiated through kindergarten, schools, colleges and community centres. Its special form is organising obesity camp where dietary counselling, exercise program, health education and self monitoring are used together. Tertiary prevention of obesity means an appropriate, complex and continous care of obesity with metabolic complications in order to prevent the future serious health consequences. This work consists of appropriate treatment of alterations of carbohydrate and lipoprotein metabolism, hypertension and other associated problems. All these tasks should be integral parts of the everyday work of primary health care teams, out patients\' services and hospitals.
Prof. Csongor Kiss